Massimo Rogero: Art SCHEGE No. 2/2021-Italian Art-GIORGIO DE CHIRICO-Metaphysics and Dream World (Part I)

 

Art SCHEGE No. 2/2021-Italian Art-GIORGIO DE CHIRICO-Metaphysics and Dream World (Part I)

Giorgio De CHIRICO (Flight, July 10, 1888-Rome, November 20, 1978) is an underrated artist and little-known in his biographical affair that becomes an essential element for the assessment of the work itself, where Too often a limited and short-sighted criticism leads back to his creative genius and works mostly to the so-called Metaphysical period, which would mean as if the Master had worked 7 years instead of 70 years. Apart from this, we want to point out that his critical revaluation started in the 70 s of the last century by scholars of the caliber of Maurizio Calvesi (with ′′ The metaphysics cleared ′′), Maurizio Fagiolo dell ' Arco (with a series of volumes made for periods) and Fabio Benzi who finally managed to bring De Chirico back to the top of the altar he should have always been on, eliminating the critical trend he was in André Breton and which was a bit hustlingly ′′ spodest ′′ with his artificial artificial ′′ damnatio memoirs ′′ means the Italian artist whose you can certainly not appreciate the extraordinary complexity and completeness of the artistic genius.

Father of Metaphysics, whose invention is located in Florence in 1910, with the work ′′ Enigma of an autumn afternoon ", in which he manages to make the Stimmung of the autumn afternoon (as Nietzsche defines it, whose Philosophy will accompany De Chirico for a lifetime and will be underneath all his works), that is, the atmosphere, especially of strangeness that is felt at that precise time of the day when things stop having the meaning that we commonly attribute to him and there They convey a sense of primordiality, of stranger, of dream.

In fact, Giorgio De Chirico through his artistic invention, he is the first to open the dream world, the dream world, the dream sense to art. In this key, his work is to be considered a generator of the much appreciated and famous Surrealism. He will not be a father to Magritte's art; he will always be appreciated by Ernst, Duchamp, artists who will grasp the master's greatness during all stages of his evolution (including the Baroque period of the 45 s-68 s. ca. ).

In addition to Surrealism, De Chirico owes the birth of Magical Realism and New Objectivity, the artistic movements of the second half of the 30 s, spread in Germany (Grosz, Otto Dix just to name two names), USA (Hopper ) and Italy (with Mafai, Scipio, Raphael and more Horses, Capogrossi, Melli and leaving) and whose participants will explicitly declare their derivation from the master's work.

Andy Warhol will understand the anticipation of De Chirico's work, especially the works of the 50's / 60's, which Warhol himself puts at the foundation of his own art; in fact, some of his series make it to the Piazze d ' Italia and to the Creepy Muses of the Master.

Massimo Rogero

Club President for UNESCO of Genoa

President and Director of International Action Art-ITALY Department